短文填空 閱讀下面一段短文，然后在空白處寫出適當?shù)膯卧~，單詞首字母已經(jīng)給出。[有的詞請注意詞形的變化！] （共12個空，做對一個得1分，共10分）
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. We can share 小題1:s      with our friends and turn to them for help when we are in trouble. In a word, it is nice to have a friend to 小題2:t     , laugh and do things with. Certainly, sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. But we would feel 小題3:l      if we never had a friend.
To make 小題4:f     , you must be friendly. A cheerful person smiles. A smile always makes the others like you. Smile at someone and you are sure to get a smile 小題5:b      from him.
Try to remember names. It 小題6:m      your new friends feel happy when you call them by their names, 小題7:b      you don’t forget them.
No two people are just the same. If you don’t agree with other people, you should still be friendly. Do not argue, but 小題8:d     . You always lose friends if you argue too much. And you should think more of others than 小題9:o      yourself. It’s good for teenagers to have one or a group of good friends. This is very 小題10:     in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss things which are too difficult to say to their family members.
There’s more good news for people who have friends. They live 小題11:l      than people who don’t have. Why? It could be that they小題12:a      happier. Being happy helps you stay well and it could be good just knowing that someone cares about you.

小題1:secrets/something
小題2:talk
小題3:lonely
小題4:friends
小題5:back
小題6:makes
小題7:because
小題8:discuss
小題9:of
小題10:important
小題11:longer
小題12:are

試題分析：這篇短文主要論述了朋友在我們生活中的重要性以及如何交朋友的問題。
小題1:聯(lián)系上下文可知此處指的是和朋友分享一些東西.根據(jù)首字母可知填復數(shù)名詞secrets秘密或者something,一些東西.
小題2:聯(lián)系上下文,可知此處指的是,有一個朋友來說話,歡笑一起合作很不錯.本句中to是不定式符號,后面接動詞原形,根據(jù)首字母可知填原形動詞talk,談話,說話.
小題3:結(jié)合語境可知此處指的是,如果我們沒有朋友,我們會感到孤獨.本句中feel用作系動詞,根據(jù)首字母可知填形容詞lonely,孤獨的,做表語.
小題4:聯(lián)系下文,可知此處指的是交朋友.一個人是無法交朋友的,根據(jù)首字母可知填復數(shù)名詞friends,朋友們.
小題5:聯(lián)系前半句描述,可知此處指的是,你肯定會從他那里得到一個微笑地回報.根據(jù)首字母可知填副詞back,向后地,來回地.
小題6:結(jié)合語境可知此處指的是,這讓你的朋友感到高興.結(jié)合語境可知本句描述的是客觀性動作,故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài).主語it是單數(shù)第三人稱,故謂語動詞用單數(shù),根據(jù)首字母可知填makes,讓,使得.
小題7:聯(lián)系上下文,可知前后是因果關(guān)系.后面表示原因,根據(jù)首字母可知填因果連詞because,因為.
小題8:聯(lián)系前文,可知此處指的是,不要爭論,而是討論.祈使句中謂語動詞一般用原形.根據(jù)首字母可知填原形動詞discuss,討論.
小題9:聯(lián)系前文,可知此處指的是,你應該更多地想到別人而不是你自己.根據(jù)首字母可知填介詞of……的，關(guān)于。
小題10:聯(lián)系上下文，可知此處指的是在孩子們的成長中非常重要。根據(jù)首字母可知填形容詞important，重要的，作表語。
小題11:聯(lián)系下文，可知此處指的是，他們比沒有朋友的人活得更長久。根據(jù)首字母可知填副詞的比較級longer，更長地，做狀語。
小題12:結(jié)合語境可知此處指的是，這可能是因為他們更高興。They是復數(shù)形式，故謂語動詞用復數(shù)，根據(jù)首字母可知填系動詞are。
點評：首字母一直是英語考試中的難點，得分率比較低。解答此類題型的方法一般就是根據(jù)文章前后句子之間意思推斷出詞義，并結(jié)合首字母推斷出所缺單詞，然后根據(jù)該單詞在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，確定單詞詞形，進行適當詞形變化。注意動詞，名詞等一般要有詞形變化，注意主謂語數(shù)的一致問題。而介詞則沒有詞形變化。在敘事性短文中，謂語動詞多為一般過去時態(tài)及現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，說明性短文中謂語動詞多為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。
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