Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana(加納)，Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning，she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can't get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days，we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resource(自然資源) on the earth.
Water covers 70% of the earth's surface. But most of that is sea water. We can't use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only 1% of the earth's surface.
You probably feel lucky that your life isn't as hard as Napoga's. But that doesn't mean you don't have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars，factories，farms and homes make our rivers，lakes，and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish，too. Now, 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty？First，they pollute the air. Then，when it rains，the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain，called acid rain(酸雨)，is also bad for plants，animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years，more than half of the people in the world won't have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water：
●Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters(升) each month.
●Leaky taps(漏水的龍頭) waste a lot of water. Fix them right away！
●You can easily cut your 10-minute showers in half----and you'll be just as clean.
●When you wash dishes，don't let the water run.
●Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn't full，you're  wasting water！
小題1:On the earth，_______.
A．sea water is more widely(廣泛地) used than fresh water
B．there is very little water for our living
C．there is 71% of fresh water
D．we don't need to worry about water
小題2:Acid rain _______.
A．is only bad for living things
B．can be produced in factories
C．doesn't do harm(傷害) to people，but it's bad for plants，animals and buildings
D．doesn't just do harm to human beings but to animals，plants and buildings
小題3:Which of the following wastes water？
A．We need ten minutes if we want a clean shower.
B．We should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines.
C．You can keep yourself clean by having a shower for five minutes.
D．Don't let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes.
小題4:What's the main idea of the passage？
A．Something must be done to prevent water from being polluted.
B．Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.
C．It's time to take care of the water we use.
D．Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:C

小題1:根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“   Water covers 70% of the earth's surface. But most of that is sea water. We can't use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only 1% of the earth's surface.”可知答案為B
小題2:根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain，called acid rain(酸雨)，is also bad for plants，animals and buildings.”可知答案為D
小題3:根據(jù)常識(shí)內(nèi)容可知答案為A
小題4:根據(jù)文章大意可知答案為C
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



Everybody can suffer from stress. No matter what your age is, you can feel stressed out by things that are happening in your life. Teenagers, however, have many more opportunities to get stressed than people in any other age group. Being a teenager is hard. You are not a child any more, but you are not an adult, even though you have to deal with some very grown-up problems and decisions. Families can be one of the biggest causes of stress, such as problems with parents arguing at home, or problems with brothers and sisters. Teenagers also have a lot of stress from school, either from their teachers or from their friends. Some teenagers also feel stressed about choosing their education after high school. Getting a place at university can be very difficult and some cannot afford to go to university.

The stress about getting a job when finishing school is hard for some teenagers. There are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them. Sadly, there is nothing we can do to remove these causes of stress from the 1ives of teenagers, but you can learn the best way to deal with it. Talking to people is one of the best ways to deal with stress. It may sound simple, but it is true. A problem shared is a problem halved.
小題1:Why is being a teenager often difficult?
A．Because even though you are not an adult, you must deal with adult problems.
B．Because even though you are an adult, you must deal with children's problems.
C．Because even though you are a teenager, you must do a lot of homework.
D．Because adults often make them feel stressed.
小題2:Why can leaving high school be a stressful time for teenagers?
A．Because they will be leaving their favourite teachers.
B．Because many people’s favourite memories are at school.
C．Because they may worry about getting a place at university.
D．Because they may worry about becoming an adult.
小題3:We can deal with the stress in our life ______.
A．by not trying to find a job
B．by forgetting about our problems
C．by getting a place at university
D．by sharing our problems with our friends
小題4:Why can finding a job after finishing school be difficult?
A．Because there are no jobs.
B．Because there is a lot of competition for jobs.
C．Because a job is more difficult than school work.
D．Because there are many places at university.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

While watching movies, it’s getting hard to tell what is and isn’t real. Thanks to computers, movie makers can now use their full imaginations. There’s even a new type of character--made entirely by computers—which is getting more and more screen time.
Making the impossible look easy has always been a part of movie magic. As far back as 1895, filmmakers used special effects in movies. Over the years, many few techniques（技術(shù)） were developed. Then, starting in the 1970s, computers took their place at the center of the process.
One of the first movies to widely use 3D computer generated（生成的，產(chǎn)生的） imagery (CGI) was Tron(1982). In the following years, more CGI characters were brought to life, one by one. Then, Jurassic park (1993) brought us an island full of man-eating dinosaurs. Shortly afterwards, Toy Story (1995) became the first cartoon made entirely with 3D CGI effects. It was a big hit, and audiences loved the characters.
By using “motion capture” technology, filmmakers can make the movements of CGI humans even more lifelike. With this technique, a real actor wears sensors（感受器，傳感器） on his face and body. The sensors record the actor’s movements and send the information to a computer. Then the movements are given to a CGI character. This technique was used to make the creature（生物，有生命的東西） Gollum in the second and third The Lord of the Rings movies (2002,2003). Other films, like Beowulf (2007), have also used motion capture to help create CGI humans.
It is still rather easy to tell that a CGI human is not real. But the technology is improving every year. Over time, many problems ( like the teeth and eyes looking fake) will be solved. We will certainly see more CGI animals, monsters, and people in movies and TV shows. The question is – in the future, how many real actors will be put out of work by computer actors?
小題1:What is the main idea?
A．Tron was important in the history of CGI films.
B．Many people go to the movies to see incredible special effects.
C．More and more film characters are being made by computers.
D．All the humans in Beowulf were CGI characters.
小題2:In what year was a film made with many CGI dinosaurs?
A．1895B．1982 C．1993D．2003
小題3:What was special about Gollum?
A．Motion capture was used to help make the charater.
B．Gollum had an important role in a CGI cartoon.
C．He was the only CGI character in the Lord of the Rings.
D．Little money was spent to bring the creature to life.
小題4:What does the world hit mean?
A．a(chǎn)ttackB．shotC．successD．try

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Li Ping is a Grade Eight student in Zhenjiang Sunshine Secondary School．The table below is his mid-term self-assessment(自我評價(jià))．He draws faces to show his progress：
excellent  OK weak
Read the table and find out how well Li Ping is doing.
Unit/
Item
Unit l
Past and present
Unit 2
Travelling
Unit 3
Online travel
Vocabulary
opposites

Suffixes‘ful’ and‘less’

Words about computers

Grammar
Present perfect
tense

Past continuous
tense

Passive voice

Study skills/
Pronunciation
Using a dictionary

Linking words

Organizing information

Main task
A report

My best holiday

Favourite educational computer game

小題1:What does Li Ping need to improve in Unit 1?
A．Present perfect tense．B．Using a dictionary
C．A report．D．Opposites．
小題2:Which do you think Li Ping does well in?
A．Present perfect tense．B．Passive voice．
C．Organizing information．D．Favourite educational computer game．
小題3:From the table we know Li Ping is weak in _____ ．
A．VocabularyB．Main task
C．Study skills／PronunciationD．Grammar

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The ocean can be a great place to swim and play, it may also be useful in another way. Some scientists think that waves could help make electricity.
“Have you ever been on a surfboard or boat and felt yourself being lifted up by a wave?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group in Scotland. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves.”
Scientists are working on using that energy to make electricity. The United States and a few other countries have started doing research on wave energy, and it is already being used in Scotland.
Most waves are created when winds blow across the ocean. “The winds start out by making little ripples (波紋) in the water, but if they keep on blowing, those ripples get bigger and bigger and turn into waves,” Taylor said. “Waves are one of nature’s ways of picking up energy and then sending it off on a journey.”
When waves come towards the coast, people can set up dams(大壩) to block the water and send it through a large wheel called a turbine(渦輪). The turbine can then power an electrical generator(發(fā)電機(jī)).
We will never run out of wave power. Besides, wave energy does not create the same pollution as oil and coal do.
Oceans cover three quarters of the earth’s surface. That would make wave power seem perfect for creating energy around the world. But there are some disadvantages that need us to pay more attention to.
Jamie Taylor said that wave power still cost too much money. He said that its influence on animals in the sea is still unknown. Besides, wave power would get in the way of fishing and boat traffic.
With more research, “Many of these problems might be solved,” Taylor said. “Finding more energy sources(資源) is very important, for traditional sources of energy like oil and gas may run out some day.”
In the future, when you turn on a light button, an ocean wave could be providing the electricity!

小題1:We can learn from the passage that__________________.
A．a(chǎn)lmost every country is making use of the wave power at present
B．it is necessary for us to develop wave power instead of oil and coal
C．wave power will be sure to make some bad influence on sea animals
D．scientists are making efforts to find new ways of fishing and boat traffic
小題2:What does the fourth paragraph tell us?
A．Why scientists are doing the research on wave power.
B．What experience that scientists have achieved so far.
C．How the wave energy forms and grows bigger.
D．Which countries are trying out wave power.
小題3:What’s the writer’s attitude towards wave power?
A．The writer believes that wave power will be used widely by man.
B．The writer doubts if wave energy can be changed into electricity.
C．The writer is sure the experiments will come to the end some day.
D．The writer thinks that wave power isn’t worth researching at all.
小題4:What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Sea Animals and Wave Power.
B．How Do We Get Wave Energy?
C．The Advantages of Wave Power.
D．Can Waves Make Electricity?

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Problems:                                     
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小題2:The No. 16 bus is always late.  
小題3:Some people always drop litter everywhere in our neighborhood.    
小題4:Some students talk loudly in the library.    
小題5:My parents hope I stay at home and study all day, even at weekends.   
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A．Tell them that we need to relax after studying for a long time or ask our teacher for help.
B．Tell them politely to keep quiet.
C．Put up some posters to ask them not to litter. If someone is found dropping litter, punish him badly.
D．We could say politely "Excuse me, could you please put out your cigarette?"
E. Call the bus company and ask for the better service.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist(奧地利心理學(xué)家) Sigmund Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. Swiss(瑞士) psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are awake.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry (心理學(xué)教授). He says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
小題1:Dreams          . 
A．a(chǎn)re remembered by everyone
B．express all that we think in our mind
C．include few senses and things we touch
D．include all the senses and things we touch
小題2:In the passage, all the psychiatrists         .
A．believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face
B．believe when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world
C．study dream and dreaming and have their own different ideas
D．have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want
小題3:Which would be the best title (標(biāo)題) for the passage?
A．The fact of DreamsB．The Ways of Dreams
C．The Solutions to DreamsD．The Mystery of Dreams and Dreaming

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Over 30,000 years ago, people from northern Asia went to America. Today we can tell these people Indians.
The Indians went to America because the weather began to change. Northern Asia became very cold. Everything froze. They had to move or they would die. How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!
Later Columbus found the New World in 1492. At first, only a few Europeans followed. They traveled to America in boats. For the next 300 years, about 500,000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly. From 1815 to 1915, over 32,000,000 Europeans left their countries for the United States. The biggest groups went from Germany and Italy. These Europeans spoke many different languages. Most of them took almost no money. They went to America so they could find a better life.
小題1:________ went to America first.
A．People from northern Asia
B．People from Italy
C．People from Germany
D．Columbus
小題2:Why did the Indians go to America? Because ____________ .
A． northern Asia became very hot
B． northern Asia became very cold
C．they were interested in America
D．they liked traveling
小題3:The “New World” was _________.
A．ItalyB．northern AsiaC．GermanyD．America
小題4:These Europeans ___________.
A．didn’t speak the same language
B．spoke English
C．spoke German only
D．spoke both English and German
小題5:The Europeans went to America in order to _________ .
A．find the New world
B．find a better life
C．build more boats
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some students, parents and teachers in Shanghai were surveyed last month. According to the result of the survey, the generation gap (代溝) between students and parents as well as teachers is becoming wider. Here is what they said.
Voice of the students:
　 “Our parents hold too high expectations（期望）which put us under lots of pressure. They care too much about our lives and studies,” one student said.
“It’s impolite that some students’ parents read their children’s diaries without permission!” one student said angrily.
“Some of our teachers are so serious that we can’t make friends with them at all,” another student said sadly.
Voice of the parents:
One mother said, “After school, my daughter usually locks herself into her room and spends lots of time talking with others on the phone. And I can’t stand（忍受） her clothes and hairstyle!”
“I thought my son was doing very well in his studies. I didn’t realize I was being cheated by him until I got a call from his teacher,” said a father.
Voice of the teachers:
An English teacher said, “Today, the role of the teacher is to put knowledge into students’ brain. The power (權(quán)力) teachers have kept students away from them.”
“Some parents pay too much attention to their children’s grades instead of creating a lively and colorful environment at home,” another teacher said.
“In the past, teachers and students often played games together or talked with each other. Today, only studies and grades are talked about,” said a teacher. “A school should be a place where students can learn not only knowledge, but also how to face failure and frustration（挫折） bravely enough.” 
小題1: What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Students like telling how they feel to their classmates.
B．More and more students don’t like to be surveyed.
C．Some parents don’t like their children’s clothes and hairstyle.
D．There has been a great distance between students and parents as well as teachers.
小題2:The underlined word “cheated” in the passage means ___________.
A．欺騙B．批評C．表揚(yáng)D．揭露
小題3: What can we infer (推斷) from the teachers who were surveyed?
A．Teachers feel what they are doing for students is good.
B．Parents, teachers and educational rules all influence students greatly.
C．Teachers should care more about excellent students.
D．Now teachers and students communicate better than before.
小題4:Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．Unhappy TeenagersB．Educational Rules
C．The Generation GapD．Serious Parents

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