分析:(1)去絕對(duì)值號(hào),再做加減;
(2)先乘,后減;
(3)先把除法轉(zhuǎn)化為乘法,再運(yùn)用乘法的分配律計(jì)算;
(4)乘除同級(jí)運(yùn)算,先確定符號(hào),再?gòu)淖蟮接宜悖?br />(5)(6)按照有理數(shù)混合運(yùn)算的順序,先乘方后乘除最后算加減,有括號(hào)的先算括號(hào)里面的;
(7)(8)按去括號(hào)法則,先去括號(hào),再合并同類項(xiàng).
解答:解:(1-)-12+15-|-7-8|=-12+15-15=-12
(2)(-3)×(-9)-(-5)=27+5=32
(3)
(-+-)÷=(-
+
-
)×12=-10+8-9=-11
(4)1÷(-3)×(-
)=1×
×
=
(5)
(-3)2-(-1)3×-6÷(-)2=9-(-
)×
-6×
=9+
-
=
-(6)
-22×{[4÷(-4)+(-0•4)]÷(-)}=-4×{[
×(-
)-
]×(-3)}=-4×[(-
-
)×(-3)]=-4×4.7=-18.8
(7)(x
2+2xy+y
2)-(x
2-xy+y
2)=x
2+2xy+y
2-x
2+xy-y
2=3xy
(8)9a
2-[7a
2-2a-2(a
2-3a)]-3=9a
2-7a
2+2a+2a
2-6a-3=4a
2-4a-3
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查的是有理數(shù)的運(yùn)算能力.注意:
(1)要正確掌握運(yùn)算順序、運(yùn)算律、運(yùn)算法則,
(2)靈活地利用簡(jiǎn)便算法準(zhǔn)確進(jìn)行有理數(shù)的混合運(yùn)算.