【題目】讀圖,回答問題.
(1)秦嶺-淮河以南地區(qū)的河流數(shù)量比北方地區(qū) ______ ,河流徑流量 ______ ,這說明我國東部水資源分布具有南方 ______ ,北方 ______ 的特點.
(2)在圖上畫出南水北調(diào)工程中東、中、西線路.
(3)用字母在圖中適當位置標注下列河流名稱:
A.遼河、B.珠江、C.塔里木河、D.京杭大運河.
(4)我國水資源受季風氣候影響,表現(xiàn)出 ______ 分配和 ______ 分布的不均勻性,這不僅制約了 ______ 的可利用性,也給 ______ 帶來諸多不便.
【答案】(1)多;大;多;少
(2)略
(3)略
(4)季節(jié);空間;水資源;工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活
【解析】
南水北調(diào)工程分為西線、中線、東線三種調(diào)水方案。西線方案是從長江上游的通天河、雅礱江、大渡河引水入黃河,以解決西北地區(qū)的缺水問題;中線方案由漢江上游的丹江口水庫引水,跨長江、淮河、黃河、海河四大流域,經(jīng)鄭州、石家莊等城市一直流向北京、天津;東線方案是從長江下游揚州附近抽引長江水,沿著京杭大運河蘇北段沿京杭運河北上,在山東西部穿過黃河,進入河北再抵達天津。
(1)秦嶺-淮河以南地區(qū)的河流數(shù)量比北方地區(qū)多,河流徑流量大,我國東部水資源分布具有南方多,北方少的特點;
(2)西線方案是從長江上游的通天河、雅礱江、大渡河引水入黃河,以解決西北地區(qū)的缺水問題.中線方案由漢江上游的丹江口水庫引水,跨長江、淮河、黃河、海河四大流域,經(jīng)鄭州、石家莊等城市一直流向北京、天津.東線方案是從長江下游揚州附近抽引長江水,沿著京杭大運河蘇北段沿京杭運河北上,在山東西部穿過黃河,進入河北再抵達天津;
(3)據(jù)我國不同河流的位置標注即可;
(4)我國水資源空間分布的特點是東多西少,南多北少,季節(jié)分布特點是夏秋多,冬春少,年際變化大的特點,所以說我國水資源表現(xiàn)出季節(jié)分配和空間分布的不均勻性,這不僅制約了水資源的可利用性,也給工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活帶來諸多不便。
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