【題目】我國把“實行計劃生育”作為長期基本國策，主要原因是（　�。�

A. 人口地區(qū)分布不均 B. 人口增長與社會、經(jīng)濟、資源、環(huán)境的矛盾突出

C. 農(nóng)村人口比重大 D. 城鎮(zhèn)人口數(shù)量不斷增多

【答案】B

【解析】

自20世紀70年代初期我國大力推行計劃生育政策以來，全國大約少生了約4億人，人口過快增長的勢頭得到有效遏制。特別是近十年來，人口的出生率和自然增長率明顯下降。但是，由于我國人口基數(shù)大，青少年的比重高，在今后一段較長的時期內(nèi)，人口總量還將持續(xù)增長。在度過高峰期后，人口總數(shù)才會呈下降趨勢，但人口素質(zhì)不高的狀況在短期內(nèi)還難以根本改變，人口與經(jīng)濟、社會、資源、環(huán)境的矛盾依然會十分突出。因此，實行計劃生育，控制人口的數(shù)量，提高人口的質(zhì)量，是我國一項長期的基本國策，故選B。

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